Getting Started with R2

Introduction

The Banana Pi R2 is a router based development board, which can run on a variety of open source operating systems including OpenWrt, Android, and Bananian. It has 4 Gigabit LAN ports, 1 Gigabit WAN, and 300Mbs wireless N capabilities.

Key Features

• MediaTek MT7623N, Quad-core ARM Cortex-A7
• Mali 450 MP4 GPU
• 2G DDR3 SDRAM
• Mini PCIE interface
• SATA interface
• 4x Gigabit LAN 1x Gigabit WAN

Hardware

Development

Let's get start to develop on BPI-R2, see amazing things happen.

Basic Development

Prepare to develop

 1.Prepare 16G/above TF card, USB-Serial interface, Ubuntu System

 2.Using your USB-Serial Connect debug console on R2

Load your first image on R2

 1.You could download latest image from our forum
 * Here is the example image link: http://forum.banana-pi.org/t/bpi-r2-new-image-release-ubuntu-16-04-v1-3-2018-3-30/5293

 2.Install bpi-tools on your Ubuntu
 * apt-get install pv
 * curl -sL https://github.com/BPI-SINOVOIP/bpi-tools/raw/master/bpi-tools | sudo -E bash
 

 3.After you download the image, insert your TF card into your Ubuntu
 * Execute "bpi-copy xxx.img /dev/sdx" to install image on your TF card.

 4.After step 3, then you can insert your TF card into R2, and press power button for around 10s to setup R2.

Build your own image on R2

Ubuntu

 1. Clone Bsp project from Github
 * Execute "git clone [email protected]:BPI-SINOVOIP/BPI-R2-bsp.git" 

 2. Execute "./build.sh", to build your own uboot and kernel.

 3. After finish built, Execute "cd SD", plug your Ubuntu TFcard in PC. 

 4. Execute "bpi-update -c bpi-r2.conf -d /dev/sdX", to update the compiled kernel to your TFcard.

 5. If you want to install Ubuntu on EMMC, follow these steps：
 * Program ubuntu image to SD card
 * Install this SD to R2 board and boot from SD
 * Enter the Uboot prompt, and run command emmc pconf 48 to change Partition config of EMMC
 * And then run command reset, let it boot to OS
 * Enter the system with username pi or root
 * Run command
   echo 0 > /sys/block/mmcblk1boot0/force_ro  to enable /dev/mmcblk1boot0 write mode`
 * To write preloader to EMMC by running command:
   "bpi-bootsel BPI-R2-EMMC-boot0-DDR1600-0k-0905.img.gz /dev/mmcblk1boot0" where BPI-R2-EMMC-boot0-DDR1600-0k-0905.img.gz is the preloader for emmc, please download it from link：https://github.com/BPI-SINOVOIP/BPI-files/blob/master/SD/100MB/BPI-R2-EMMC-boot0-DDR1600-0k-0905.img.gz

 * To copy ubuntu image to EMMC:
   unzip -p <XXX.img.zip> | pv | dd of=<device> bs=10M status=noxfer
   or
   bpi-copy  <XXX.img.zip> <device> where the XXX.img.zip is ubuntu image we can get it from http://www.banana-pi.org/r2-download.html 40, and where should be /dev/mmcblk1.
 * power off
 * remove SD & power on

OpenWrt

 1. Clone OpenWrt project from Github.
 * Execute "git clone https://github.com/garywangcn/bpi-r2_lede.git"

 2. You need to have installed gcc, binutils, bzip2, flex, python, perl, make, find, grep, diff, unzip, gawk, getopt, subversion, libz-dev and libc headers.

 3. Run "./scripts/feeds update -a" to get all the latest package definitions defined in feeds.conf / feeds.conf.default respectively and "./scripts/feeds install -a" to install symlinks of all of them into package/feeds/.

 4. Use "make menuconfig" to configure your image.
 * Choose "Target System" to config as "MediaTek Ralink ARM"
 * Choose "Boot Loaders" to config as "u-boot-bpi_r2"

 5. Execute "make -j1 V=s" to build your own OpenWrt image.

 6. After built, we have two ways to install image.
 (1) Plug your TFcard in Ubuntu PC, and enter to "build_dir/target-arm_cortex-a7+neon-vfpv4_musl_eabi/linux-mediatek_32/", 
     you will find two images:
     * mtk-bpi-r2-EMMC.img
     * mtk-bpi-r2-SD.img
 (2) Write image to TF card, execute "bpi-copy if=mtk-bpi-r2-SD.img of=/dev/sdX"

 (3) If you want to install image to EMMC, We need another system which is running on SD card to program EMMC image to EMMC, please follow below steps to do:
     * Copy EMMC image to a running system which is from SD card
     * Program EMMC image to User Data Area of EMMC: dd if=mtk-bpi-r2-EMMC.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 (assume /dev/mmcblk0 is for EMMC)
     * Unlock EMMC boot0 block: echo 0 > /sys/block/mmcblk0boot0/force_ro
     * Program preloader to EMMC boot0 block: dd if=mtk-bpi-r2-EMMC.img of=/dev/mmcblk0boot0 bs=1M count=1
     * Change the Partition configurion of EMMC is 48h: reboot the system which is running SD, and enter the U-boot command line, run command emmc pconf 48 (for this steps, we can change partition configuration in userspace by using mmc-utils,see more information in BPI-R2 OpenWrt(LEDE) Souce code : 2018-04-11)
     * Power off, remove SD card, and then power on R2 board

 7. This step is for upgrade, if you don't want to install image after you built, you could use runtime upgrade.
 * Copy "bin/targets/mediatek/32/lede-mediatek-32-bananapi,bpi-r2-sysupgrade.tar" to R2 board which is running OpenWrt system(no matter where(SD or EMMC) it boots from), and then run command "sysupgrade lede-mediatek-32-bananapi,bpi-r2-sysupgrade.tar" to update both kernel and rootfs.

Advanced Development

GPIO

GPIO Control

• echo xxx > /sys/class/gpio/export
• echo in/out > /sys/class/gpio/gpioxxx/direction
• echo 0/1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpioxxx/value

Check the base gpio, you could see mine is 233

For example: if you want to change gpio 22 as out highlevel, you need input commands like this：

• echo 255（22+233） > /sys/class/gpio/export
• echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio255/direction
• echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio255/value

PWM Control

• echo 4 >/sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/export
• echo 200000 >/sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/pwm4/period
• echo 100000 >/sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/pwm4/duty_cycle
• echo 1 >/sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/pwm4/enable

Develop 4G module with R2

Gets more info from here:

• http://forum.banana-pi.org/t/how-to-use-bpi-4g-lte-module-with-bpi-r2/5223

WiFi and Ap mode on R2

WiFi Client

• wmt_loader (ignore errors)
• stp_uart_launcher -p /etc/firmware &
• ip link set wlan0 up
• iw dev wlan0 scan | grep SSID
• vim /etc/wpasupplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
• network={ ssid=“ssid” psk=“password” priority=1}
• wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
• dhclient wlan0

AP mode

• wmt_loader (ignore errors)
• stp_uart_launcher -p /etc/firmware &
• echo A >/dev/wmtWifi
• create your hostapd.conf: "vim /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf "

 interface=ap0
 bridge=br0
 ssid=test_r2
 driver=nl80211
 country_code=US
 hw_mode=b
 channel=1
 max_num_sta=5
 wpa=2       
 auth_algs=1 
 rsn_pairwise=CCMP
 wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
 wpa_passphrase=ledetest
 logger_stdout=-1
 logger_stdout_level=2

• According to your network interface(can search internet) to config ap0:

my network interface which can search internet is wan, and ip is 192.168.30.102, so I config ap0 as follows:

“ifconfig ap0 192.168.30.188 netmask 255.255.255.0”

• Run hostapd : “hostapd -d /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf”
• Config dhcp file : “vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf”

 subnet 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

 range 192.168.30.2 192.168.30.250;

 option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;

 option routers 192.168.30.1; }

• Config dhcp of ap0, then the devices which connect ap0 could get IP: "dhcpd ap0 -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid "
• And a bridge
• brctl addbr br0
• brctl addif br0 ap0
• brctl addif br wan
• Config br0 : “ifconfig br0 192.168.30.180 netmask 255.255.255.0”
• Add br0 gw as : “route add -net default netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.30.1 dev br0”

Reference Link

http://www.banana-pi.org/r2.html

http://forum.banana-pi.org/